Lesson 7

  Notes to the text


1. There have been only a few scientists whose work has changed man’s total view of the world.
迄今只有少数几个科学家,他们的工作改变了人类对世界的总看法。
man用作单数,且不加冠词,作“人类”解,又如:
Man is able to change nature.
人类能改造自然。
Man is the most intelligent animal.
人是最聪明的动物。

2. No one thought that shy, young Albert would grow up to change the world.
没有人想到腼腆、年轻的艾伯特长大后会改变世界。
这是一句带宾语从句的复合句。

3. He was so slow in learning to speak that he was considered a bit dull-witted.
他学讲话非常迟缓,以致被认为有点愚笨。
1) consider作“认为,以为”解时,它的后面可以跟复合宾语,用在“consider+宾语+to be(通常省去)+补足语”的结构中。如:
They consider him a bright student.
他们认为他是个聪明的学生。
I consider it a waste of time.
我认为那是浪费时间。
2) a bit = a little 稍微,有点
It’s a bit warm today. 今天有点热。
He was a bit excited yesterday.
他昨天有点激动。
3) dull-witted 愚笨的
这是一个复合形容词。这类复合形容词的构成方法是“形容词+带有-ed的名词”。又如:
quick-witted 机敏的
slow-witted 迟钝的
open-minded 胸怀开阔的

4. ran a small factory 经营一家小厂
注意run在下列短语或句子中的不同意义:
run away
run through a book 浏览一书
The clock doesn’t run 钟停了.
The river runs clear. 河流澄清。
The train runs daily. 火车每天运行。
run a (small) business 经营(小)生意
run a machine 使机器运转

5. electrical supplies 电器用品
supply常用作复数supplies, 作“供应品”,“生活用品”,“补给品”, “物资”等解。如:
medical supplies 医药供应品
military supplies 军用物资

6. And he asked difficult questions which made his teacher think that he was trying to make trouble.
他问一些难题,这使处教师认为他试图捣乱。
注意此句中两个make的不同用法。前一个make用在make sb. do sth. 句型中,意为“(迫)使某人做某事”。如:
His funny story made everybody laugh.
他那逗人的故事使大家都笑了。
The heavy rain made us stay indoors.
大雨使得我们呆在室内。
后一个make则作“引起”,“产生”解。如:
make a name 成名
make noise 喧嚷
make no difference 没有关系(影响)

7. However, young Albert did learn what interested him.
然而,年轻的艾伯特·爱因斯坦确实学了能引起他兴趣的东西。
助动词do(过去式did)可用在动词原形前以加重该动词的语气。如:
If you have any problems, do let me know.
如果你有问题,一定要让我知道。
He does speak English very well.
他英语的确讲得很好。

8. He was interested in what lay below the surface of things。
他对隐藏在事物表面下边的东西感兴趣。
be interested in 对……感兴趣,如:
Are you interested in this TV programme?
你对这个电视节目感兴趣吗?

9. He was a man whose ideas were new and deep.
他是个有着新颖深邃思想的人。
idea 意见,想法,主意,如:
What’s your idea? 你的意见呢?
Suddenly a good idea came into my mind.
突然我想到了一个好主意。
I have no idea what has happened to her.
我不知道她出了什么事。

10. in his teens 在他青少年时期
in one’s teens 在十多岁(十三至十九岁)时,在青少年时代
比较:teenager(十三至十九岁的)青少年,十几岁的的少年。

11. to wonder about the mysteries of the universe 很想知道宇宙的奥秘
wonder about 想知道
wonder at = be surprised at 对……感到惊奇,如:
Many people wondered at the skyscrapers in the city.
许多人对这个城市的摩天大楼感到惊奇。

12. This laid the foundation for his future success, which has influenced, directly or indirectly, many areas of the modern world.
这就为他以后的成功奠定了基础,而他的成功,直接或间接地影响了现代世界的许多领域。
lay the foundation for 为……打下基础,如:
We must lay a good foundation for our studies.
我们必须为自己的学习打下良好的基础。
注意动词lay和lie的过去式、过去分词、现在分词的变化以及它们的意义和用法。
1) lay, laid, laid, laying vt. 放;置
2) lie, lay, lain, lying vi. 躺;位于